Round 1
What one guess costs an attacker
Zen Passwords
Argon2id from the start, with no menu to find. New vaults work out what your phone can afford. They start at 256 MB of memory per guess and step down through 128 and 64, keeping the strongest setting that still unlocks in under a second.
LastPass
600,000 rounds of PBKDF2 today. But the default was 5,000 from 2013, only rose to 100,100 in 2018, and old accounts were never reliably moved up. Researchers who checked after the breach found accounts still on 500 rounds, and some on a single round.
Zen Passwords. Zen Passwords. The number today is not the number that protected the vaults that were stolen. A method with no memory cost, run five thousand times, is something a single modern graphics card chews through. That is why we spend the cost on memory, and why we never change a vault's setting underneath it without a migration.






